SAP HANA is SAP's in-memory database (DB) that has been around since 2010. It is used as the backbone of their main applications like Enterprise Resource Planning (ERP) or Business Warehouse (BW), or as a standalone application since it incorporates many features that are useful for Big Data and analytics.
There are other databases (Oracle, SQL Server, DB2, MaxDB and Sybase) on which SAP applications can run, but starting in 2027 customers wishing to maintain regular support will have to migrate to the new ERP suite, SAP S/4HANA. The suite only runs on SAP HANA, and Red Hat Enterprise Linux (RHEL) is one of two supported platforms for the database.
All of SAP's applications are critical since they sit at the core of the company, and SAP HANA is especially resource demanding. Given this criticality, IT departments need to drive the highest levels of security and performance for the SAP ecosystem to limit impact on the company's operations.
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Security Recommendations For SAP HANA On RHEL
(this article)